• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Apparatus for the damping of bulk material in which a liquid is to be sprayed into a falling stream of the material, the apparatus including an upright tubular shaft through which the material is to fall in a stream; a plate arranged coaxially below the lower end of the tubular shaft and defining an annular gap between the tubular shaft and the plate through which the material will pass after falling through the tubular shaft; at least one spray nozzle arranged below the plate in a spraying region, and a housing which encloses the lower end of the tubular shaft, the plate and the spraying region and nozzle or nozzles.
    公开号:SU995701A3
    申请号:SU802947198
    申请日:1980-07-02
    公开日:1983-02-07
    发明作者:Ришель Хартмут
    申请人:Машиненфабрик Кепперн Гмбх Унд Ко,Кг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    3 9 Two different technological principles of wetting are known. In the first case, the granulate transported on the conveyor belt is sprayed with a wetting liquid, and / or after this the lamella-like device is turned over on the belt. In the treatment method, an uneven distribution of fluid is observed. In the second case, humidifiers are installed at the interface of the conveyors, and the liquid is sprayed into the flow of material falling from the end of the belt. In this way, it is impossible to achieve uniform wetting due to the relatively high flux density of the materials being moved. But in both cases, the granulation during the moistening process does not experience significant mechanical loads. In order to achieve a more substantial increase in the uniformity of wetting of the surface of the granules, a method of mixing the granulate using mixing augers, mixing drums and other mixers with simultaneous sprinkling with water is used. However, these devices create significant mechanical loads on the granulate, as a result of which, depending on the hardness of the granules, losses from abrasion to the desired strength of the granule surface are possible, which is equivalent to production loss. Increasing the abrasion granule strength is achieved only during or after drying of the granulate during the recrystallization process. Certain mechanical loads are desirable in order to prevent subsequent abrasion. But in the aforementioned mixers, mechanical abrasive loads act before and during wetting, i.e. too early. The mechanical loads on the granulate during and after drying coincide with the increasing surface hardening of the individual granules, with the result that only the abrasion-sensitive edges are ground. Closest to the invention is a device for treating granules with a liquid, including a vertical loading shaft, a cone distributor, located under the loading station.
    Eochio mine and coaxially with it, the casing and spray nozzles, mounted on the opposite walls of the skin, moisture, this leads to a strong moistening of a significant proportion of the granulated product. Applied to the axis, the nozzles of the nozzles are directed radially and towards each other l. However, the known device does not provide uniform wetting of the granules at low flow rates. The degree of fluid load of individual particles is extremely uneven. This leads to the fact that radial jets of fluid entering from the outside penetrate the dust cloud with a high layer thickness, which causes correspondingly different degrees of moisture. With the presence of two oppositely placed spray nozzles, the dust cloud, which has a cylindrical shape, contacts only tangentially with the jet, and which limit the radial cone outside. Therefore, a slight moistening occurs in this area, while a higher degree of moistening is achieved inside the radial cone. This moisture unevenness is maintained regardless of the number of nozzles. Even if their number is infinitely large, and the external loading of the cylindrical dust body inside the body is uniform, the width of the dust column in the radial direction is significant. The surface of the granules should be strengthened when moistened. Due to this moistening, crystalline bridges are formed in the layer closest to the surface, leading to hardening of the marginal zone, thereby reducing abrasion. At the same time, due to compaction of the surface, dust formation is reduced when handling the granular product during the period from packaging to dispersion by means of mechanical spreading devices in field conditions. Moistening is carried out with water in the amount of 0, -2% of the weight of the granulate. It is difficult to uniformly moisten the granulated product with water in an amount necessary to form crystalline bridges (0, based on the weight of the granules). Uneven moistening causes one part of the granulate to become too wet, and the other part to be moistened. If you want to achieve minimal nulls, the water must be evaporated again to the amount of bound water required to form crystalline bridges to like a granule. The potash salt in fine-grained form comes out after drying, usually at a temperature above 100 ° C, and the granulated product after pressing and granulation retains a temperature greater than 100 ° C. Moisturizing is performed at this temperature. The specific heat capacity of the potassium salt is O, 69U8 kJ / kg. Thus, 1 kg of granulate at 100 ° C has a heat capacity of b9 kJ. If 1 kg of granulated potassium salt is moistened with 2% water, then 20 g of water is deposited per kg of such granulate. The heat of vaporization for water is 2257 kJ / kg. In order to evaporate 20 g of water is thus expended A5 kJ. At ambient temperature, the heat capacity of the potassium salt at 69 kJ / kg is necessary for the evaporation of water, and at 75 ° C - 52 kJ. Thus, the heat released from the granulated potassium salt upon cooling is sufficient to evaporate the water, which consumes 45 kJ. The specific heat of the potassium granulate is sufficient for evaporation of water without external energy supply, not only from the granulate, if the degree of irregularity of its moistening exceeds 15, but also from a part of the granulate absorbed more than 3 waters. It was established that the moistening is carried out by an insignificant percentage of water (0.52%). This amount of water is applied evenly on the granulate with a grain size of 1-5 mm, i.e. with a high degree of uniformity in size, it is difficult. The purpose of the invention is to improve the uniformity of wetting of the granules at the minimum flow rate of the liquid. This goal is achieved by the fact that in a device for wetting salt granules containing a vertical loading shaft, a cone distributor located under the loading shaft and coaxially with , the housing and the spray nozzles, the latter are located under the cone distributor coaxially with it and the output nozzles O-4 4 are directed upwards and form the sprayed liquid in the form of a hollow cone. The cone-distributor is mounted on the rod connected to the loading shaft by means of a screw and nut for rotation and vertical displacement of the dispenser. In this case, the cone dispenser is equipped with a vibrator, the casing is provided with elastic screens that are provided with gutters for trapping liquid located at the lower end and elastic screens. In addition, the elastic screens are provided with shaking rods, and the casing is provided with a pipe for venting gases and vapors. The pellet comes off the diffuser plate in the form of a thin-walled hollow cylinder. The nozzles with a cone located coaxially in the hollow cylinder have a uniform effect on the falling granulate, since the droplets coming out of the nozzles pass through the whole volume in a uniform way until the pellets fall into the shell. Due to the upward torch, the individual granules of the granulate acquire an impulse of rotation, so that they rotate during free fall. This contributes to their uniform moisture from all sides. Thus, the granulation can be kept moist within the range of 0.5-2 wt. % of the water is evaporated due to the heat content of the granulate and the need for external heat supply to evaporate moisture is eliminated. But, for evaporation evaporation, it is possible to carry out the material flow through the air inlet section, whereby the air, which has an ambient temperature, is blown through the product flow, and the removal of water vapor formed during evaporation from the product flow. The drawing shows the device, a vertical section. A device for wetting the granules will enclose a vertical loading axt 1, a cone distributor 2 located under the loading shaft 1 coaxially with it, a casing 3 and spray nozzles k. The latter are located one by a conical distributor 2 coaxially with it, and the outlet nozzles of the nozzles are directed upwards and form a sprayed liquid in the form of a hollow cone.
    The cone distributor 2 is mounted on the support rod 5 connected to the loading shaft 1 by means of a threaded section 6 of the nut 7 for rotating and vertically moving the distributor. The cone distributor 2 is equipped with a vibrator 8. The casing is provided with elastic screens 9 which are provided with fluids 10 located at the lower end of the elastic screens 9 Elastic screens are equipped with shaking rods 11, and the casing 3 with a pipe 12 for venting gas or vapors.
    The shaft 5 in the shaft is held by means of bearing rings 13, which in turn are attached to the radial arms 1. At the top, the rod 5 passes through the hole 15 in the lid 16 of the shaft 1. This hole is blocked by a bellows 17 located inside the shaft 1. On the upper side A nut 7 is placed, driven by a motor, which interacts with a threaded section 6 at the upper end of the rod 5. A coaxially anchor bolt 18 included in the induction coil 19 is also provided at the upper end of the rod. 5 On the lower distributor 2, it is possible to place the distributor under the conical cap 20 on the upper side. The current is supplied to the electromagnetic vibrator through the rod 5, made hollow. Coaxially with the rod 5 under the distributor 2, the nozzles 4 are located axially above each other. concave-conical, for example, with a spraying angle of 90 °, with the spraying liquid directed upward (a dash cone is shown with a dotted line). Each spray nozzle is powered by a corresponding pipe (pipe 21 is shown). The distance between the spray nozzles in the axial direction is set according to specific conditions. In the dispenser zone, on the inside of the casing there is a ring 22 on which elastic screens are suspended. separate elastic screens, and a continuous round elastic cloth, At the lower; the end of the screens 9 are located inward water-catching
    gutters 10 connected to drains 23.
    For elastic screens, there is a shaking device, depicted as shaking rods 11, passing through openings in the housing and in contact with the elastic screen. For example, it is possible to provide a ring held by shaking rods and freely extending outside the elastic screens.
    The elastic screens come to the conical bottom 24 of the casing 3- The conical bottom 24 is provided with an elastic casing 25. Preferably, the diameter of the outlet 2b is smaller than the diameter of the distributor 2.
    The device works as follows.
    The conveyor belt 27 supplies the salt granulate to be wetted and is discharged into the loading shaft 1. The distributor 2 is installed in such a way that a column of processed material is formed in the loading shaft, which is preserved during operation of the device. low fall height until reaching the surface of the Material located in the loading shaft. Through the gap between the lower part of the loading shaft 1 and the conical cap 20, the granulate falls down under the action of gravity. l .,, -H ..... ... .. The granulate flow formed by the slit on the way to the outer circumference is thinned and then flows down through the edges of the distributor in the form of a thin cylindrical curtain. At the end of the fall path, the granule t falls on a sloped int. The conical side of the conical bottom of the housing, which suppresses its fall, without damaging its structure, and directs it out. With the spray nozzles 4 placed one above the other, a cylinder of sprayed liquid is directed towards the granulate. Due to the fact that the smallest drops liquids at the entire height of the fall of the granulate, which can vary in the range of 0.4-1.2 m, fall on the granules, individual granules receive rotation pulses, as a result of which they rotate during the free fall and, therefore, uniformly azhn are on all sides.
    The density of the flow of the material to be wetted is regulated by a mounting nut 7, with which the gap between the bottom of the loading shaft and the conical distributor is changed.
    In the upper part of the loading shaft 1, a height probe 28 is placed, which triggers an increase or decrease in the level of the material being processed in the loading shaft and through the automatic adjustment device 29 gives a signal to be activated by the motor of the mounting nut of the carrier rod, which Equal time increases or decreases the gap in the bottom of the loading shaft to bring the throughput in line with the supply of the material being processed. Using the height probe, it is also possible to control the speed of the conveyor 27 at the same time or alternatively. Through the output signal of the induction coil 19, depending on the position of the carrier rod 5 and, consequently, on the slit size, the water supply to the spray nozzles is regulated and automatically adjusts to the amount of water sprayed with intensity of processing of the processed material. At the loading end of the conveyor 27, another control unit is located in the housing, which is performed, for example, in the form of a spring-loaded swinging arm 30. If the feed of the facet to the conveyor 27 is stopped, the lever 30 is rotated in the direction opposite to the clock by the action of springs and may This shut off the main water supply valve to the spray nozzles. Thus, the j lever serves as a control device for water supply. In order to prevent water vapor arising from hot granules from condensing inside the casing, the casing is provided with insulation 31 and a vacuum device to remove vapors. These fertilizers are compressed at temperatures above, sometimes above 130 ° C. and then subjected to granulation. Thereafter, the granulate is fed in a continuous stream to the wettable device. The evaporative extractor is designed in the form of an annular conduit 32 connected to the pipes 12, which on
    The distance from each other is through the top of the housing. The annular pipe is connected to the exhaust. By means of a suction, air is sucked through the lower outlet 26, thanks to which it is provided that evaporates are removed along the entire height of the casing. At the same time, the water to the dust is carried by a stream of inhaled air through the granulate falling down, which improves the moisture of the latter.
    Despite this, the precipitation of water-dust is also inevitable on the walls, the 2nd feature is located on the site-. no elastic screens 9- In order for this water not to flow down onto the discharge conveyor, collection gutters 10 are provided. It is possible to arrange on the upper side of the ring 22 of the collection gutter with which it is possible to remove the water deposited on the walls of the upper part of the casing 2. Dust dispersed Radially directed water from the curtains of the falling granulate is deposited on elastic screens and must be periodically removed from them. For this purpose, a shaking device is provided, which is activated at either time during operation or after the unit has been deactivated. The described humidifying device ensures uniform wetting of salt granules that are not subjected to high mechanical loads. At the same time, this device has a large bandwidth. For example, with the distributor diameter 2 equal to 636 mm, the length of the discharge edge can be 2 m. Using the device thus made, for example, a flow of granules, passing at a speed of 75 t / h, form a uniform cylindrical curtain of granules wet and evenly wet individual granules over the entire surface, as a result of which the wetting of the surface of the granules 0 can be observed within tight tolerances. The device does not contain moving parts, mixing bodies or vehicles. The described device is intended primarily for wetting (woofing) hot goiouis. But 11. 99 it can also be used in the processing of other granular bulk materials where uniform wetting is necessary within tight tolerances. invention 1. Device for wetting salt granules, including a vertical feed shaft, a cone distribution
    A litter located under the loading shaft coaxially with it, a casing connected to the lower part of the loading shaft and spray nozzles, characterized in that, in order to improve the uniformity of wetting of the granules with a minimum flow rate, the spray nozzles are located under the cone distributor coaxially with it and the output nozzles nozzles are directed upwards and form a spray liquid in the form of a hollow cone.
    2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the cone distributor is mounted on the rod, connection 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains chutes for trapping liquid,
    located at the lower end of the elastic screens.
    6. A device according to claim 5i, characterized in that the elastic screens are provided with shaking bars.
    7. The device according to claim 1, which is that the casing is provided with a pipe for the removal of gases and vapors.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. Patent of Germany No. 926072, cl. 1BeZ / pub. 1955 tons with loading shaft through screw and nut for rotating and vertical moving the distributor. 3. The device according to PP. 1 or 3, differing in that the cone distributor is equipped with a vibrator. k. A device according to claim 1, wherein the cover is provided with a casing with elastic screens.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. A device for wetting salt granules, comprising a vertical loading shaft, a cone distributor located coaxially with it under the loading shaft, a casing connected to the lower part of the loading shaft, and spray nozzles, characterized in that, with the aim of increasing uniformity wetting granules with a minimum flow rate, the spray nozzles are located under the cone distributor coaxially with it and the outlet nozzles 20 of the nozzles are directed upwards and form a spray liquid in the form of a hollow cone.
    [2]
    2. The device pop. 1, the fact is that the cone distributor is mounted on a rod connected to the loading shaft by means of a screw and nut for rotation and vertical movement of the distributor.
    [3]
    3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 or 3, characterized in that the cone distributor is equipped with a vibrator.
    k.
    [4]
    The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that the casing is equipped with elastic screens.
    [5]
    5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises gutters for collecting liquids located at the lower end of the elastic screens.
    [6]
    6. The device pop. 5 ”characterized in that the elastic screens are equipped with shaking rods.
    [7]
    7 · The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that the casing is equipped with a pipe for the removal of gases and vapors.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DD151881A5|1981-11-11|
    ES493030A0|1981-02-16|
    ES8102969A1|1981-02-16|
    FR2460705A1|1981-01-30|
    GB2053708A|1981-02-11|
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    CA1144152A|1983-04-05|
    DE2926713A1|1981-01-22|
    GB2053708B|1983-01-12|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2309036A|1940-09-12|1943-01-19|Beardsley & Piper Co|Apparatus for conditioning molding sand|
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    GB560731A|1942-12-21|1944-04-18|Thomas Robinson & Son Ltd|Improvements in machines for spraying or moistening granular and powdered materials|
    US2965250A|1957-10-15|1960-12-20|T An Tesch Aktiebolag|Charging devices for shaft furnaces|
    US3254848A|1963-09-24|1966-06-07|Fluid Energy Proc And Equipmen|Apparatus for preparing liquid slurries and for dispersement thereof in polymeric substances|
    AU420993B2|1968-05-30|1972-02-01|International Combustion Australia Limited|Improvements in and relating tothe handling and mixing of powdery materials|
    JPS5825724B2|1973-11-01|1983-05-30|Aasaa Jii Matsukukii Ando Co|
    GB1454024A|1974-02-01|1976-10-27|Jednotne Zemedelske Druszstvo|Apparatus for the passage fo grain|
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    US20060221764A1|2005-03-17|2006-10-05|Everett Steve E|Method and system for preparing input material for structural building blocks|
    CN101074072B|2007-03-29|2012-03-21|欧阳汉峰|Spray powder humidifier and powder dust-free loader based on spray powder humidification|
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    KR100941852B1|2008-03-28|2010-02-11|송교철|Vibrating feeder for powder coating|
    DE102009029935B4|2009-06-19|2012-11-22|Reimelt Henschel Gmbh|Moistening device for moistening free-flowing material, in particular flour, and method for moistening free-flowing material, in particular flour|
    CN102092593B|2011-01-17|2015-03-18|欧阳汉平|Multi-stage humidification powder dedusting method and device for cyclic dedusting|
    ITMO20110103A1|2011-05-06|2012-11-07|Imal Srl|DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE INJECTION OF A FLUID WITHIN A FLOW OF UNCONTROL MATERIAL.|
    CN103126046A|2013-03-06|2013-06-05|湖北中烟工业有限责任公司|Tower-type charger|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE19792926713|DE2926713A1|1979-07-03|1979-07-03|DEVICE FOR MOISTURIZING SALT GRANULES|
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